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Ukukhethwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuchonga igesi yendalo esingqongileyo kunye nezixhobo zokulumkisa kwindawo yokusebenza
Izixhobo zokuchonga igesi kunye nezixhobo zokulumkisa zezezixhobo zokuthintela iingozi kwiindawo zokhuseleko lwemveliso yamashishini. Kwiindawo apho iigesi ezinokutsha, eziqhumayo, ezinobuthi neziyingozi zibandakanyeka ngexesha lokuveliswa nokugcinwa kunye nokuthuthwa, amashishini kufuneka afake izixhobo zokuchonga igesi kunye nezixhobo zokulumkisa ukuze kujongwe ngexesha langempela kunye ne-alamu ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuthintela ukwenzakala komntu, iingozi zomlilo kunye nokuqhuma kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwemveliso yamashishini.
Eli nqaku libonelela ngentshayelelo eneenkcukacha ezivela kwiinkalo ezininzi, linika iireferensi kumashishini ekukhetheni nasekusebenziseni izixhobo zokuchonga igesi kunye nezokulumkisa.
1. Kuza kufakwa izixhobo zokuchonga igesi kunye nezokwazisa kwiindawo eziphi
Umntu ongekho mthethweni Pizaphulelo
● Imizi kunye neendawo zokuhlala, iindawo ezisebenzisa igesi ezifana neekhitshi ezinezifudumezi zamanzi kunye nezitovu ezifakelweyo.
● Kwiindawo zokusebenza ekhitshini kwiindawo zokutyela nakwiindawo zokutyela, kufuneka kufakwe i-alamu enye yegesi evuthayo kwi-50 square metres nganye yezitovu zegesi, kwaye umgama othe tye ukusuka kwindawo yokukhupha (ezifana neevalvu kunye neendawo zokudibanisa iipayipi) akufuneki ube ngaphezu kweemitha ezi-5.
● Eziphathekayo ezine-in-one isixhobo sokubona igesis (ezikwaziyo ukubona iigesi ezinokutsha, ioksijini, i-carbon monoxide kunye ne-hydrogen sulfide) kufuneka zifakwe kwiingcango zemibhobho yegesi. Imithombo, imisele yamanzi amdaka kunye nezinye izakhiwo ezikwii-basement kunye neegaraji ezingaphantsi komhlaba.
● Izixhobo zokufumanisa ioksijini kunye nezixhobo zokulumkisa kufuneka zifakwe kumagumbi enkqubo yokubonelela ngeoksijini ephakathi kumakhaya abantu abadala okanye ezibhedlele. Amaxabiso amiselweyo e-alamu yokungabikho kweoksijini yi-19.5%VOL, kwaye kwi-alamu yokunonga ioksijini, yi-23.5%VOL.
Imizi-mveliso Sinto
● Izixhobo zokubona igesi evuthayo mazifakwe kwiindawo ezisebenzisa igesi.
● Iindawo ezibandakanya ukuveliswa, ukugcinwa nokusetyenziswa kweegesi ezitshayo kunye nolwelo oluneentlobo zengozi yomlilo zeKlasi A kunye ne-B kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokubona igesi ezitshayo.
● Kwiindawo zokuvelisa, zokugcina nezokusebenzisa eziquka ulwelo olunokutsha oluneqela lengozi yomlilo leKlasi C, xa ubushushu bokusebenza budlula i-flash point yolwelo olunjalo lweKlasi C, kufuneka kufakwe izixhobo zokubona igesi ezinokutsha.
● Ngexesha lokugcina, xa izinto zinokuvelisa iigesi ezivuthayo xa zidibana namanzi, kufuneka kufakwe izixhobo zokubona igesi ezivuthayo (ezifana neendawo zokugcina i-calcium carbide).
● Xa imveliso, ukugcinwa nokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezibandakanya ukufakwa Isikhangeli segesi esinobuthixa kusenziwa, kufuneka kufakwe izixhobo zokufumanisa igesi enobuthi.
● Ngokubanzi, kwindawo yokusebenza yelebhu yobunjineli beekhemikhali kunye neekhemikhali, akufuneki kufakwe izixhobo zokufunxa igesi ezinokutsha nezinobungozi, kodwa kwindawo yokugcina izixhobo zokufunxa kufuneka kufakwe izixhobo zokufunxa.
● Izixhobo zokubona ubungakanani beoksijini kufuneka zifakwe kwiindawo ezivaliweyo okanye ezivaliweyo apho kugcinwa khona, kusetyenziswa khona ioksijini okanye iigesi ezingasebenziyo, okanye apho kunokuveliswa khona ioksijini eninzi okanye iigesi ezingasebenziyo.
2. Izinto zokuchonga kunye nemigaqo yee-alamu zokuchonga igesi
Into yokufumanisa igesi
● Igesi evuthayo: Igesi ethi, xa ixutywe nomoya ngokwemilinganiselo ethile, idale indawo eqhumayo.
● Iigesi ezinobuthi neziyingozi: Iigesi ezibangela ingozi, ukugula okanye ukufa kwabantu xa bechatshazelwa okanye bephefumlwa ngamanani athile.
● Ioksijini: Inxalenye yomthamo weoksijini emoyeni imalunga ne-20.9%. Xa umxholo weoksijini wehla ngaphantsi kwe-19.5%, kuthathwa njenge-hypoxia. I-Hypoxia inokuchaphazela iinkqubo ezininzi kunye namalungu omzimba womntu kwaye ide ibulale.
| Inombolo yesiriyeli | Ukwahlulwa kwemigaqo yokuchonga | Umgaqo | Iimeko/iimpawu eziphambili |
| 1 | Uhlobo lokutsha olusebenzisa i-catalytic | Phantsi kwesenzo se-catalyst (njengentambo yeplatinum), iigesi ezinokutsha ziyatsha ngaphandle komlilo, zikhuphe ubushushu obuphakamisa ubushushu bento yokufumanisa, nto leyo ebangela utshintsho kwixabiso lokumelana (umgaqo we-Wheatstone bridge), kwaye zivelise isignali yombane ehambelana noxinzelelo lwegesi. | Ioksijini iyafuneka (ukusilela kwindawo engenaoksijini), kwaye ichaphazeleka lula yityhefu evela kwizinto ezifana neesulfides kunye neesilicones Isicelo: Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekufumaneni iigesi ezinokutsha (i-methane, i-propane, njl.njl.), isignali yokuphuma iboniswa kwi-%LEL |
| 2 | Uhlobo lwe-electrochemical | Igesi ekufuneka ilinganiswe iyasasazeka nge-membrane ephefumlayo iye kwi-electrode esebenzayo kwi-electrolyte, apho kwenzeka khona ii-oxidation/reduction reactions, nto leyo evelisa isignali yamandla abuthathaka ehambelana noxinzelelo. | Ifuna ioksijini encinci ukuze iqhubeke isebenza, ichatshazelwa lutshintsho kumswakama kunye noxinzelelo, kwaye inokukhetha okuphezulu kwiigesi ezithile ezinobuthi (ezifana ne-CO kunye ne-H₂S) Isicelo: Ukufunyanwa kwegesi enobuthi ekumgangatho wePPM, njenge-industrial Isilumkiso segesi enobuthiii-alamu ze-carbon monoxide zasekhaya kunye ne-alamu |
| 3 | Ukwenziwa kwefotoionization (PID) | Ngokusebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet (ii-photon ezinamandla aphezulu) ukuze kuvuselelwe iimolekyuli zegesi ukuba zi-ionize, ii-ion ze-polarity ezilungileyo nezingalunganga ziyaveliswa, zenze isignali yangoku ehambelana noxinzelelo. Emva kwe-ionization, iimolekyuli zinokudibana kwakhona ngaphandle kokonakala. | Uvakalelo oluphezulu (inqanaba le-ppb), olufanelekileyo ekufumaneni iikhompawundi ze-organic eziguquguqukayo (VOCS) |
| 4 | Uhlobo lwe-infrared | Ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zokufunxwa kweemolekyuli zegesi ukuya ekukhanyeni kwe-infrared kwamaza athile, uxinzelelo lubalwa ngokulinganisa inqanaba lokuncitshiswa kokukhanya kwe-infrared, kubandakanya umthombo wokukhanya, igumbi lokulinganisa igesi, igumbi legesi elibhekisayo kunye nesixhobo sokubona. | Inamandla okulwa netyhefu, ayifuni ioksijini, inobomi obude (iminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-10), kwaye ifanelekile kwiihydrocarbons kunye ne-CO₂ Linda uvavanyo |
3. Ulwakhiwo lwezixhobo lunokwahlulwa lube luhlobo lwenkqubo kunye nohlobo oluzimeleyo
● Ukufunyanwa kwegesi ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo kunye nesixhobo sokulumkisa
Inkqubo yokufumanisa edityanisiweyo eyenziwe zizixhobo zokufumana igesi ezininzi, isilawuli sokufumana idatha (umsingathi), kunye nenkqubo yokujonga ikhompyutha ephezulu ixhasa ukubeka iliso kwindawo enye, ukugcinwa kwedatha, kunye ne-alamu ekude.
Izixhobo zokubona igesi (ufakelo olusasazwayo): Zisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi, ziqokelela ubuninzi begesi kwindawo ngexesha langempela kunye nemiqondiso yokuphuma.
Umlawuli/uMsingathi：Ifumana imiqondiso yokubona, ibonise ugxininiso, ivuselele isandi kunye nee-alamu zokukhanyisa, kwaye ixhasa i-exhaust edibanisayo, iivalvu zokuvala kunye nezinye izixhobo.
Isoftware yekhompyutha ephezuluIqhagamshelwe kwi-host ngebhasi okanye inethiwekhi engenazingcingo, ikwazi ukurekhoda idatha, uhlalutyo lwejika, umbuzo wembali kunye nokuveliswa kweengxelo.
Iimeko eziqhelekileyo zesicelo: iiworkshops zemveliso ye-petrochemical, iindawo zokugcina iitanki, kunye nemibhobho ekude; Imigodi yamalahle engaphantsi komhlaba, iindawo zezityalo zesinyithi kunye nezinye iindawo ezifuna ukubekwa esweni ngokubambisana kwemimandla emininzi.
● Isixhobo sokubona igesi esizimeleyo kunye nesixhobo sokulumkisa
Isixhobo esiphathwayo okanye esisisigxina esidibanisa ii-sensors, ii-alamu kunye nemithombo yamandla, esingadingi uthungelwano kwaye sinokugqibezela imisebenzi yokufumanisa kunye neye-alamu ngokuzimeleyo.
Uyilo oludibeneyo: Imodyuli yesensa, i-microprocessor, iyunithi yesandi kunye ne-alamu yokukhanya, kunye nemodyuli yebhetri/yamandla zonke zidityaniswe kwikhaya elinye.
I-alamu yendawo: Xa uxinzelelo lugqitha umgangatho, i-buzzer eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kunye nesibane se-LED ziya kuvulwa ukuze zivuselelwe. Ezinye iimodeli zixhasa i-alamu yokungcangcazela (ephathwayo).
Iimeko eziqhelekileyo zesicelo: iilebhu, iindawo zokugcina izinto ezincinci, kunye nemisebenzi yendawo evalekileyo (njengokugcinwa kwetanki yokuhambisa amanzi amdaka kunye nendawo yokugcina izinto); Ukufunyanwa kokuvuza kwegesi endlwini, ukhuseleko lomntu oluphathwayo (njengabapendi, abahloli begesi).
Ingcebiso yokukhetha: Khetha ngokusekelwe kwindawo yomsebenzi, inqanaba lomngcipheko wokuvuza kwegesi kunye neemfuno zolawulo. Kwiindawo ezinomngcipheko ophezulu nezinkulu, iindlela ezicwangcisiweyo kufuneka zibekwe phambili. Umsebenzi wexeshana okanye iindawo ezincinci zinokuncediswa zizixhobo ezizimeleyo.
4. Iimfuneko zokuphakama kokufakelwa kwee-Alarms zegesi ezivuthayo/ezinobuthi
| I-serial inombolo | Ulwahlulo | Ukuphakama kofakelo | Isiseko |
| 1 | Iigesi ezinzima kunomoya (ezifana negesi yepetroleum enyibilikisiweyo kunye nepropane) | Ikumgama we-0.3 ukuya kwi-0.6 yeemitha ukusuka kumgangatho womhlaba (okanye kumgangatho)Iimeko ezikhethekileyo: Kwiindawo ezingaphantsi komhlaba okanye kwiindawo ezisezantsi, ubude bokufakelwa kufuneka buncitshiswe bube ziisentimitha ezili-15 ukuya kwezingama-30. Ngaphakathi kwemitha e-1 ukusuka kwindawo yokuvuza ezantsi kweetanki zokugcina izinto zoshishino, ubude bokufakelwa kufuneka bube ziimitha ezili-0.3 ukuya kwezingama-0.5.) | Ukuvuza okukhulu kwegesi kunokubangela ukuntywila nokuqokelelwa. Ukuyifaka kufutshane nomhlaba kunokukhawuleza ukubona umaleko oqokelelweyo |
| 2 | Iigesi zikhaphukhaphu kunomoya (ezifana negesi yendalo kunye ne-hydrogen) | Kucetyiswa ukuba ibe ngaphezu kweemitha eziyi-0.5 ukuya kwezi-2 ngaphezu komthombo wokukhupha okanye ingabi ngaphezu kweesentimitha ezingama-30 ukusuka eluphahleni (Imeko ekhethekileyo: Kwisakhiwo sefektri esivaliweyo, kufuneka kusetyenziswe kabini ngaphezulu komthombo wokukhupha kunye nendawo ephezulu yesakhiwo sefektri (apho kunokwenzeka ukuba kuqokeleleke khona). | Xa igesi ekhaphukhaphu ivuza, iya kudada phezulu kwaye indlela eya phezulu yegesi kufuneka igqunywe. |
| 3 | Iigesi ezinoxinano olusondele kolo lomoya (ezifana ne-carbon monoxide kunye ne-hydrogen cyanide) | Imalunga ne-1 ukuya kwi-1.5 yeemitha ukusuka emhlabeni, okanye ngaphakathi kwe-1 yeemitha ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi komthombo wokukhupha. | Iigesi ezinjalo zinokuxubana kwaye zisasazeke nomoya, ngoko ke kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukugubungela indawo ethe nkqo |
5. Isixhobo esitsha sokubona igesi esingenazingcingo se-4G
Kwezinye iindawo ezikhethekileyo apho kungekho mbane okanye iingcingo kunzima khona (ezifana nezikhululo zepetroli, iifama zeetanki zamakhemikhali, njl.njl.), amashishini anokusebenzisa izixhobo ezintsha zokufumana igesi ezingenazingcingo ze-4G ezisebenza ngeebhetri ze-lithium, ezidibanisa ubuchwepheshe be-sensor obuphambili kunye nemisebenzi yonxibelelwano olungenazingcingo (ezifana neLoRa, NB-IoT/4G), kwaye zinezibonelelo eziphambili zokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, akukho mfuneko yengcingo, kunye nokufakwa ngokukhawuleza.
Iimpawu zobugcisa eziphambili
● ukunikezelwa kwamandla ebhetri kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kakhulu
Isebenzisa ibhetri ye-lithium ye-3.8V (enomthamo we-16-50Ah, enokulungiselelwa ngokwezifiso), idityaniswe ne-algorithm yokulawula ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ekrelekrele ukufezekisa ixesha elide kakhulu lokulinda ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emi-2 kunye nobomi benkonzo ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emi-5. Ngokusebenzisa ii-infrared sensors ezinamandla aphantsi kunye netekhnoloji ye-MEMS (njenge-Figaro TGS8410 sensor enokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwe-0.087mW kuphela), ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuyancitshiswa kwaye uvakalelo lokufumanisa luyaphucuka.
Izixhobo ezisebenza ngeebhetri zinemisebenzi yokubonisa ibhetri okanye ibhetri ephantsi. Isixhobo esinokutshajwa kwakhona esinomsebenzi wokubonisa ukutshaja. Xa ibhetri yesixhobo esisebenza ngeebhetri iphantsi, inokukhupha isignali yokubonisa evakalayo okanye ebonakalayo eyahlukileyo kwisignali ye-alamu.
● Uthumelo olungenazingcingo kunye nofakelo olulula
Ixhasa iiprotokholi ezingenazingcingo ezifana neLoRa kunye ne-4G ukufezekisa ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ekude ngexesha langempela kunye nokubeka esweni okuphakathi (umzekelo, iMIC-600-L-Ex inokuqhagamshelwa kwisilawuli seMIC3000 ukulawula izixhobo ezili-1,000) ； Uyilo lofakelo lwemagnethi, ukufakelwa kwayo kungagqitywa kwimizuzwana engama-30 ngaphandle kokubhoboza okanye ukufakelwa kweentambo, kwaye iyahambelana nemiphezulu yesinyithi (njengezixhobo zokuhambisa ipetroli ezikufutshane nezikhululo zepetroli).
【Isikhanyeli】
Ezinye zeefonti ezikwimifanekiso zivela kwi-Intanethi
Ezi zixhobo zenzelwe iinjongo zokukhuthaza kuphela
Ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki zelungelo lokushicilela ezibandakanyekayo
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